UGC NET Geography 2024 Exam

National Testing Agency (NTA) has uploaded the UGC NET 2023 notification along with exam registration dates and exam dates on its official website. NTA has released the UGC NET 2023 Notification PDF for June-2023 Examination for the post of Assistant Professor and Junior Research Fellowship (JRF) on 10th May 2023. NTA will conduct UGC NET 2023 exam for eligibility for JRF and Assistant Professor in 83 subjects. in CBT mode. Aspirants can check all the detailed information related to UGC NET 2023 June cycle.

The UGC NET exam date 2023 for the UGC NET's June cycle has been notified on the official website along with UGC NET Notification 2023. The UGC NET 2023 online CBT exam was held from the 13th to the 22nd of June 2023. Check the important dates for UGC NET 2023 as mentioned below. 
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Age criteria that candidates need to have in order to be eligible for the exam is as follows:

• To apply for Junior Research Fellowship (JRF) Candidates should not be aged more than 31 years as of June 01, 2022.
• For the role of Assistant Professor, there is no age bar to apply
• SC/ST/OBC/PwD and women candidates will be given a relaxation of five years. Candidates who have research experience will be given relaxation, limited to the period spent on research in the relevant subject of Post Graduation degree.

The candidates who are appearing for the UGC NET Exam for the post of Assistant professor only do not have to adhere to any upper limit pertaining to the age criteria.
 

The candidates applying for the UGC NET Exam 2022 for the post of JRF should not exceed the age of 31 years as of June 01, 2022. The candidates are also offered several relaxations based on the category they belong to. The candidates will not be eligible for the position if they cross the upper age limit set for the category they belong to.
 

Candidates need to obtain the below given educational qualification in order to be eligible for the UGC NET exam. Read them thoroughly before applying for the same:

• Candidates should secure at least 55% marks in master’s degree exam candidates belonging to Scheduled Caste (SC)/Scheduled Tribe (ST)/Other Backward Class (OBC)/Persons with Disability (PwD)/Transgender category is given relaxation of 5%.
• Candidates should have a post-graduation degree from a UGC-recognized college or university in relevant streams such as Electronic Science, Humanities, Computer Science & Applications, Social Science etc.
• Candidates appearing or waiting for their final year results (master’s degree) are also eligible to apply online for UGC NET. However, such candidates will be accepted provisionally and will be considered eligible only when they pass their master’s exam with the required percentage. “Such candidates need to complete their PG degree examination within two years from the date of NET result with required percentage of marks, failing which they shall be treated as disqualified”, notifies the Official website.
• Those who hold PhD degree whose master’s exams completed on September 19, 1991, are eligible for a relaxation of five percent marks in the aggregate i.e. only 50 percent marks will be required for such candidates.
• Candidates who have qualified as CA or CS or ICWA can appear for the UGC NET exam.
• SC students are applicable for National Fellowship based on the merit of each UGC-NET-JRF or CSIR-NET-JRF examination.

A candidate should be an Indian national to be eligible for UGC NET Recruitment. He should have any of the following document to prove his nationality:

1. Birth Certificate
2. Aadhar Card
3. Pan Card
4. School Leaving Certificate

The candidates must go through the below mentioned steps to download the UGC NET Admit Card.

Step 1: Click the direct link above to download the UGC NET Admit Card 2022.

Step 2: Candidates are required to enter their Login ID, date of birth, and security pin correctly.

Step 3: Click on the login button provided.

Step 4: Your UGC NET Admit Card will appear on your screen.

Step 5: Alternatively, you can also visit the UGC NET Official Website.

Step 6: The homepage of UGC NET will appear.

Step 7: Click the link “Download UGC NET Admit Card 2022.”

Step 8: Repeat the steps above mentioned downloading the admit card.

Step 9: Download it and take a print out of your admit card.

Step 10: Keep it safe for future reference.

Paper-I Syllabus

The UGC NET exam paper shall consist of two sessions Paper-I and Paper-II. The paper-I of UGC NET shall be a general paper based on teaching and aptitude regarding research. It shall consist of 50 Objective Type questions. The paper 2 of UGC NET shall comprise of specialization or any particular subject selected by the candidate. It shall also consist of 100 questions of objective type. There shall be a total of 84 specialization subjects for the UGC NET paper 2.

UGC NET Paper-I ( A General Paper on the Teaching & Research Aptitude) is actually quite common but mandatory for all aspirants. Go through the complete UGC NET Paper-I Syllabus 2022 as mentioned below:

The detailed syllabus is given below.

Geomorphology

Continental Drift, Plate Tectonics, Endogenetic and Exogenetic forces. Denudation and Weathering, Geomorphic Cycle (Davis and Penck), Theories and Process of Slope Development, Earth Movements (seismicity, folding, faulting and vulcanicity), Landform Occurrence and Causes of Geomorphic Hazards (earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides and avalanches)
 

Climatology

Composition and Structure of Atmosphere; Insolation, Heat Budget of Earth, Temperature, Pressure and Winds, Atmospheric Circulation (air-masses, fronts and upper air circulation, cyclones and anticyclones (tropical and temperate), Climatic Classification of Koppen & Thornthwaite, ENSO Events (El Nino, La Nina and Southern Oscillations), Meteorological Hazards and Disasters (Cyclones, Thunderstorms, Tornadoes, Hailstorms, Heat and Cold waves Drought and Cloudburst, Glacial Lake Outburst (GLOF), Climate Change: Evidences and Causes of Climatic Change in the past, Human impact on Global Climate.
 

Oceanography

Relief of Oceans, Composition: Temperature, Density and Salinity, Circulation: Warm and Cold Currents, Waves, Tides, Sea Level Changes, Hazards: Tsunami and Cyclone
 

Geography of Environment

Components: Ecosystem (Geographic Classification) and Human Ecology, Functions: Trophic Levels, Energy Flows, Cycles (geo-chemical, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen), Food Chain, Food Web and Ecological Pyramid, Human Interaction and Impacts, Environmental Ethics and Deep Ecology, Environmental Hazards and Disasters (Global Warming, Urban Heat Island, Atmospheric Pollution, Water Pollution, Land Degradation), National Programmes and Policies: Legal Framework, Environmental Policy, International Treaties, International Programmes and Policies (Brundtland Commission, Kyoto Protocol, Agenda 21, Sustainable Development Goals, Paris Agreement) 
 

Population and Settlement Geography Population Geography

Sources of population data (census, sample surveys and vital statistics, data reliability and errors). World Population Distribution (measures, patterns and determinants), World Population Growth (prehistoric to modern period). Demographic Transition, Theories of Population Growth (Malthus, Sadler, and Ricardo). Fertility and Mortality Analysis (indices, determinants and world patterns). Migration (types, causes and consequences and models), Population Composition and Characteristics (age, sex, rural-urban, occupational structure and educational levels), Population Policies in Developed and Developing Countries.

Settlement Geography

Rural Settlements (types, patterns and distribution), Contemporary Problems of Rural Settlements ( rural-urban migration; land use changes; land acquisition and transactions), Theories of Origin of Towns (Gordon Childe, Henri Pirenne, Lewis Mumford), Characteristics and Processes of Urbanization in Developed and Developing Countries (factors of urban growth, trends of urbanization, size, structure and functions of urban areas). Urban Systems ( the law of the primate city and rank size rule) Central Place Theories (Christaller and Losch), Internal Structure of the City, Models of Urban Land Use (Burgess, Harris and Ullman , and Hoyt), Concepts of Megacities, Global Cities and Edge Cities, Changing Urban Forms (peri-urban areas, rural-urban fringe, suburban , ring and satellite towns), Social Segregation in the City, Urban Social Area Analysis, Manifestation of Poverty in the City (slums, informal sector growth, crime and social exclusion).
 

Economic Geography

Factors affecting spatial organization of economic activities (primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary), Natural Resources (classification, distribution and associated problems), Natural Resources Management. World Energy Crises in Developed and Developing Countries.

Agricultural Geography

Land capability classification and Land Use Planning, Cropping Pattern: Methods of delineating crop combination regions (Weaver, Doi and Rafiullah), Crop diversification, Von Thunen’s Model of Land Use Planning. Measurement and Determinants of Agricultural Productivity, Regional variations in Agricultural Productivity, Agricultural Systems of the World.

Industrial Geography

Classification of Industries, Factors of Industrial Location; Theories of Industrial Location (A. Weber, E. M. Hoover, August Losch, A. Pred and D. M. Smith). World Industrial Regions, Impact of Globalization on manufacturing sector in Less Developed Countries, Tourism Industry, World distribution and growth of Information And Communication Technology (ICT) and Knowledge Production (Education and R & D) Industries.

Geography of Transport and Trade

Theories and Models of spatial interaction (Edward Ullman and M. E. Hurst) Measures and Indices of connectivity and accessibility; Spatial Flow Models: Gravity Model and its variants, World Trade Organisation, Globalization and Liberalization and World Trade Patterns. Problems and Prospects of Inter and Intra Regional Cooperation and Trade.

Regional Development

Typology of Regions, Formal and Functional Regions, World Regional Disparities, Theories of Regional Development(Albert O. Hirschman, Gunnar Myrdal, John Friedman, Dependency theory of Underdevelopment, Global Economic Blocks, Regional Development and Social Movements in India
 

Concept of Culture, Cultural Complexes, Areas and Region, Cultural Heritage, Cultural Ecology. Cultural Convergence, Social Structure and Processes, Social Well-being and Quality of Life, Social Exclusion, Spatial distribution of social groups in India (Tribe, Caste, Religion and Language), Environment and Human Health, Diseases Ecology, Nutritional Status (etiological conditions, classification and spatial and seasonal distributional patterns with special reference to India) Health Care Planning and Policies in India, Medical Tourism in India.

Political Geography

Boundaries and Frontiers (with special reference to India), Heartland and Rimland Theories. Trends and Developments in Political Geography, Geography of Federalism, Electoral Reforms in India, Determinants of Electoral Behaviour, Geopolitics of Climate Change, Geopolitics of World Resources, Geo-politics of India Ocean, Regional Organisations of Cooperation (SAARC, ASEAN, OPEC, EU). Geopolitics of World Natural Resources.
 

Contributions of Greek, Roman, Arab, Chinese and Indian Scholars, Contributions of Geographers (Bernhardus Varenius, Immanuel Kant, Alexander von Humboldt, Carl Ritter, Scheafer & Hartshorne), Impact of Darwinian Theory on Geographical Thought. Contemporary trends in Indian Geography: Cartography, Thematic and Methodological contributions. Major Geographic Traditions (Earth Science, man- environment relationship, area studies and spatial analysis), Dualisms in Geographic Studies (physical vs. human, regional vs. systematic, qualitative vs. quantitative, ideographic vs. nomothetic), Paradigm Shift, Perspectives in Geography (Positivism, Behaviouralism, Humanism, Structuralism, Feminism and Postmodernism).
 

Sources of Geographic Information and Data (spatial and non-spatial), Types of Maps, Techniques of Map Making (Choropleth, Isarithmic, Dasymetric, Chorochromatic, Flow Maps) Data Representation on Maps (Pie diagrams, Bar diagrams and Line Graph, GIS Database (raster and vector data formats and attribute data formats). Functions of GIS (conversion, editing and analysis), Digital Elevation Model (DEM), Georeferencing (coordinate system and map projections and Datum), GIS Applications ( thematic cartography, spatial decision support system), Basics of Remote Sensing (Electromagnetic Spectrum, Sensors and Platforms, Resolution and Types, Elements of Air Photo and Satellite Image Interpretation and Photogrammetry), Types of Aerial Photographs, Digital Image Processing: Developments in Remote Sensing Technology and Big Data Sharing and its applications in Natural Resources Management in India, GPS Components (space, ground control and receiver segments) and Applications, Applications of Measures of Central Tendency, Dispersion and Inequalities, Sampling, Sampling Procedure and Hypothesis Testing (chi square test, t test, ANOVA), Time Series Analysis, Correlation and Regression Analysis, Measurement of Indices, Making

Indicators Scale Free, Computation of Composite Index, Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis, Morphometric Analysis: Ordering of Streams, Bifurcation Ratio, Drainage Density and Drainage Frequency, Basin Circularity Ratio and Form Factor, Profiles, Slope Analysis, Clinographic Curve, Hypsographic Curve and Altimetric Frequency Graph.
 

Major Physiographic Regions and their Characteristics; Drainage System (Himalayan and Peninsular), Climate: Seasonal Weather Characteristics, Climatic Divisions, Indian Monsoon (mechanism and characteristics), Jet Streams and Himalayan Cryosphere, Types and Distribution of Natural Resources: Soil, Vegetation, Water, Mineral and Marine Resources. Population Characteristics (spatial patterns of distribution), Growth and Composition (rural-urban, age, sex, occupational, educational, ethnic and religious), Determinants of Population, Population Policies in India, Agriculture ( Production, Productivity and Yield of Major Food Crops), Major Crop Regions, Regional Variations in Agricultural Development, Environmental, Technological and Institutional Factors affecting Indian Agriculture; Agro-Climatic Zones, Green Revolution, Food Security and Right to Food. Industrial Development since Independence, Industrial Regions and their characteristics, Industrial Policies in India. Development and Patterns of Transport Networks (railways, roadways, waterways, airways and pipelines), Internal and External Trade (trend, composition and directions), Regional Development Planning in India, Globalization and its impact on Indian Economy, Natural Disasters in India (Earthquake, Drought, Flood, Cyclone, Tsunami, Himalayan Highland Hazards and Disasters.)

 If you are qualified to take this exam, you must be aware of its format and scoring system in order to organize your study strategy. You can find the whole UGC NET Exam Pattern and the distribution of marks for Geography below. The following table gives the mark distribution and number of questions for both papers. Please note that the Paper - I syllabus is an expected one, not fixed. 

• The questions will be objective type.
• Each question will carry 2 marks.
• Paper I will be for a duration of 1 hour.
• No negative marking for wrong answers in Paper I.